Authored by Shruti Shreya and Pranav Bhaskar Tiwari
Introduction:
In the digital age, synthetic media highlights the impressive capabilities of modern technology, especially in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning. This paper delves into the intricate landscape of synthetic media, with a particular focus on the concerning subset known as ‘deepfakes.’ These hyper-realistic audio or video manipulations, created using advanced AI techniques, pose significant risks such as fraud, deception, and manipulation. While synthetic media contributes positively to various sectors, the unique challenges posed by deepfakes necessitate specific and rigorous regulations.
Objectives:
This publication has a threefold objective:
- Policy Landscape in India: Offering insights into the regulatory mechanisms and initiatives surrounding deepfakes in India, with a focus on the Information Technology Act, 2000, and the Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Rules, 2021.
- Analysis of Policy Measures: Examining existing policy measures and technical efforts undertaken in India to address the complex issue of deepfakes, including an exploration of the IT Rules, 2021.
- Charting a Path Forward: Proposing enhancements to current initiatives and processes, emphasizing a balanced approach that addresses the challenges of deepfakes while fostering a supportive environment for the continued development of beneficial synthetic media.
Furthermore, it provides an overview of recent developments in India, focusing on the Information Technology Act, 2000, as the primary legislative framework regulating digital content. Detailed guidelines under the Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Rules, 2021, are explored, specifically addressing online safety challenges, including those posed by deepfakes.
In conclusion, this publication sheds light on the dynamic intersection of synthetic media and deepfakes, emphasizing the need for tailored regulatory approaches. Balancing the mitigation of risks posed by deepfakes with the encouragement of innovation in synthetic media is crucial for fostering a secure and progressive digital landscape in India.
